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QUANTUM BRAID DYNAMICS (QBD) PARTICLE SPECTRUM

Topological and geometric invariants of standard model fermions and gauge boson states mapped as emergent knot and rewrite systems on the relational pre-geometric vacuum substrate.

Three Generations of Matter (Fermions)
Generation I
Generation II
Generation III
Gauge Fields (Rewrites)
Vacuum Substrate
(Topology)
UP-TYPE QUARKS
(Asymmetric Braids)
u
2.2 MeV+2/3 e
Up Quark
Writhe: +2/3
c
1,275.0 MeV+2/3 e
Charm Quark
C2 Crossing
t
172,900.0 MeV+2/3 e
Top Quark
Torsion Peak
g
0.0 MeV
Gluon
su(3) Adjoint Swaps
β₅
GUT Scale
COLOR SU(3)WEAK SU(2)
Pentaribbon
Unified State
DOWN-TYPE QUARKS
(Asymmetric Braids)
d
4.7 MeV-1/3 e
Down Quark
Writhe: -1/3
s
95.0 MeV-1/3 e
Strange Quark
S2 Crossing
b
4,180.0 MeV-1/3 e
Bottom Quark
B3 Crossing
γ
0.0 MeV
Photon
U(1) Frame Twist
β₃
Ground State
Tripartite Braid
Topological Quantum
CHARGED LEPTONS
(Symmetric Braids)
e
0.511 MeV-1 e
Electron
Writhe: -1
μ
105.66 MeV-1 e
Muon
Symmetric C2
τ
1,776.86 MeV-1 e
Tau
Symmetric C3
Z
91,187.6 MeV
Z Boson
su(2)L Neutrality
H
125.09 GeV
Higgs Boson
3-Cycle Condensate
NEUTRINOS
(Folded Loops)
νe
< 0.00012 MeV0
Electron Neutrino
Folded Gen I
νμ
< 0.19 MeV0
Muon Neutrino
Folded Gen II
ντ
< 18.2 MeV0
Tau Neutrino
Folded Gen III
W
80,379.0 MeV±1 e
W Boson
su(2) Charged Swaps
ρ*
ρ* ≈ 0.03699T = ln(2)
Vacuum Substrate
αvac ≈ 0.0073 | μ* ≈ 0.3989
ΛL ≈ 1.61 × 10⁻³⁵ m